Human telomeres are composed of complexes between telomeric DNA and a six-protein complex known as shelterin Abstract. They play several essential roles preserving genome stability and function, including Telomeres are composed of repetitive nucleotide sequences that form a ‘‘cap structure’’ that functions to maintain the integrity of chromosomes The increasing amount of detail about individual molecules and pathways involved in telomere biology and DNA damage responses has not at all dimin-ished the challenge Telomerase: Structure, Functions, and Activity Regulation M. I. Zvereva*, D. M. Shcherbakova, and O. A. Dontsova Faculty of Chemistryy w, Russia; E-mailTelomere DNA is thought to adopt the T-loop structure, where the telomere end folds back on itself and the 3′ G strand overhang invades into the double-stranded DNA (the so-called D-loop). Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that synthesizes telomeric DNA to counter telomere shortening. Telomeres are protein–DNA complexes that protect chromosome ends from illicit ligation and resection. Because of its enriched G content, the single-stranded telomere G overhangs can form G-quadruplexes, where each G base serves as both donor and acceptor FIGThe problem of complete replication of a linear DNA molecule by conventional DNA replication. a, DNA duplex, whose end is on the right, with 5' and 3' ends of each strand indicated. Human telomeric DNA is composed of tandem repeats of the sequence 5′ (TTAGGG) n′ and is complexed with sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, forming a distinctive “cap” at the ends of chromosomes Telomeres are the specialized chromosomal DNA–protein structures that comprise the terminal regions of eukaryotic chromosomes. As discovered through studies of maize and fruitfly chromosomes in the s, they are required to protect and stabilize the genetic material carried by eukaryotic chromosomes A special ribonucleoprotein enzyme called telomerase is required for the Telomeres are essential nucleoprotein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres are specialized DNA–protein structures that occur at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres are specialized, highly conserved DNA-protein complexes at the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes. b Abstract.
Human telomeres are composed of complexes between telomeric DNA and a six-protein complex known as shelterin Abstract. They play several essential roles preserving genome stability and function, including Telomeres are composed of repetitive nucleotide sequences that form a ‘‘cap structure’’ that functions to maintain the integrity of chromosomes The increasing amount of detail about individual molecules and pathways involved in telomere biology and DNA damage responses has not at all dimin-ished the challenge Telomerase: Structure, Functions, and Activity Regulation M. I. Zvereva*, D. M. Shcherbakova, and O. A. Dontsova Faculty of Chemistryy w, Russia; E-mailTelomere DNA is thought to adopt the T-loop structure, where the telomere end folds back on itself and the 3′ G strand overhang invades into the double-stranded DNA (the so-called D-loop). Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that synthesizes telomeric DNA to counter telomere shortening. Telomeres are protein–DNA complexes that protect chromosome ends from illicit ligation and resection. Because of its enriched G content, the single-stranded telomere G overhangs can form G-quadruplexes, where each G base serves as both donor and acceptor FIGThe problem of complete replication of a linear DNA molecule by conventional DNA replication. a, DNA duplex, whose end is on the right, with 5' and 3' ends of each strand indicated. Human telomeric DNA is composed of tandem repeats of the sequence 5′ (TTAGGG) n′ and is complexed with sequence-specific DNA binding proteins, forming a distinctive “cap” at the ends of chromosomes Telomeres are the specialized chromosomal DNA–protein structures that comprise the terminal regions of eukaryotic chromosomes. As discovered through studies of maize and fruitfly chromosomes in the s, they are required to protect and stabilize the genetic material carried by eukaryotic chromosomes A special ribonucleoprotein enzyme called telomerase is required for the Telomeres are essential nucleoprotein structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres are specialized DNA–protein structures that occur at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. Telomeres are specialized, highly conserved DNA-protein complexes at the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes. b Abstract.
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